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| en:dpi:opt_cgnat:сgnat_settings:start [2023/10/06 16:03] – [Table] elena.krasnobryzh | en:dpi:opt_cgnat:сgnat_settings:start [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1 |
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| ====== Settings and management ====== | |
| {{indexmenu_n>2}} | |
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| This service is managed at the separate subscriber level using ''[[en:dpi:dpi_components:platform:subscriber_management:subsman_cmd:start|fdpi_ctrl]]''. | |
| |
| Command format: | |
| <code bash>fdpi_ctrl command --service 11 [options list] [IP_list or login]</code> | |
| |
| The command syntax and ways of setting IP addresses are described in [[en:dpi:dpi_components:platform:subscriber_management:subsman_cmd:start|the Management of policing and services]] section. | |
| |
| <note important>Activation of address translation for subscribers is carried out with service 11.</note> | |
| |
| ===== CG-NAT===== | |
| |
| Create named profile that defines CGNAT IP pool parameters: | |
| <code bash>fdpi_ctrl load profile --service 11 --profile.name test_nat --profile.json '{ "nat_ip_pool" : "5.200.43.0/24,5.200.44/25", "nat_tcp_max_sessions" : 2000, "nat_udp_max_sessions" : 2000 }'</code> | |
| A description of the parameters can be found in the [[https://wiki.vasexperts.ru/doku.php?id=en:dpi:opt_cgnat:сgnat_settings:start&do=edit#parameters_and_possible_values|table]] below. | |
| |
| <note important>In case a ''login'' is bound to several IPs, the session counter is separate for each IP address.</note> | |
| |
| <note>When specifying a range of external IP addresses, you can specify one or more ranges separated by commas; [[en:dpi:opt_cgnat:faq:start#how_to_change_the_parameters_of_an_existing_and_being_used_pool|also you can dynamically add additional ranges to a previously created pool]].\\ | |
| You can exclude reserved addresses from the range (according to the classless addressing convention, these are gateway and broadcast addresses) by adding the "~" symbol to the range definition at the end of the ''cidr'' definition, for example ''5.200.43.0/24~''.</note> | |
| |
| ===== NAT 1:1 ===== | |
| |
| Create profile for service NAT 1:1((:!: many operators use 1:1 address translation as an alternative solution for routing public IPs to subscriber's Customer Premise Equipment (CPE), but it's important to know that although this scheme simplifies administration until the introduction of IPv6, it is unequal both from the subscriber's point of view because the service is usually chargeable, and from the networking point of view, because some client software knows about private addresses and behaves differently than in case of public addresses, for example, in torrents, the local retracker autodetection ceases to work, trackers sometimes give out lower number of peers to subscribers with private addresses, which affects the download speed, furthermore the subscriber can not use his public IPv4 address as IPv6 through the mechanism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/6to4|6to4]], supported by many routers used to deploy home networks, so the SIP clients try to use the STUN server, though it is not necessary and so on, in addition with the IPv6/Dual Stack using the operator still have to learn how to route public addresses)), where specify the range of IP addresses within the pool: | |
| <code bash> | |
| fdpi_ctrl load profile --service 11 --profile.name test_nat --profile.json '{ "nat_ip_pool" : "5.200.44.0/24", "nat_type" : 1 }' | |
| </code> | |
| A description of the parameters can be found in the [[https://wiki.vasexperts.ru/doku.php?id=en:dpi:opt_cgnat:сgnat_settings:start&do=edit#parameters_and_possible_values|table]] below. | |
| |
| <note>When specifying a range of external IP addresses, you can specify one or more ranges separated by commas; [[en:dpi:opt_cgnat:faq:start#how_to_change_the_parameters_of_an_existing_and_being_used_pool|also you can dynamically add additional ranges to a previously created pool]].\\ | |
| You can exclude reserved addresses from the range (according to the classless addressing convention, these are gateway and broadcast addresses) by adding the "~" symbol to the range definition at the end of the cidr definition, for example 5.200.43.0/24~</note> | |
| |
| ===== NAT Service Management ===== | |
| |
| Activate service 11 to subscriber with named profile: | |
| <code bash> | |
| fdpi_ctrl load --service 11 --profile.name test_nat --ip 192.168.0.1 | |
| or | |
| fdpi_ctrl load --service 11 --profile.name test_nat --login test_subs | |
| or | |
| fdpi_ctrl load --service 11 --profile.name test_nat --cidr 192.168.1.0/24 | |
| </code> | |
| |
| View the list of all NAT profiles: | |
| <code bash> | |
| fdpi_ctrl list all profile --service 11 | |
| </code> | |
| |
| ===== Additional Settings ===== | |
| |
| Additional in global parameters **''/etc/dpi/fastdpi.conf''** it is possible to set:\\ | |
| *''nat_ports'' | |
| *''nat_max_profiles'' | |
| *''nat_exclude_private'' | |
| *''nat_private_cidr'' | |
| *''lifetime_flow'' | |
| *''lifetime_flow_long'' | |
| A description of the parameters can be found in the [[https://wiki.vasexperts.ru/doku.php?id=en:dpi:opt_cgnat:сgnat_settings:start&do=edit#parameters_and_possible_values|table]] below. | |
| |
| Starting with version 12.0, it is now possible to select the method of hashing flow by worker threads. When using the new method, address distribution does not depend on the number of worker threads. It is configured by parameter ''rx_dispatcher'' in fastpdi.conf (**restart** of the service is required to save changes). The values of the parameter are described in the [[https://wiki.vasexperts.ru/doku.php?id=en:dpi:opt_cgnat:сgnat_settings:start&do=edit#parameters_and_possible_values|table]] below. | |
| |
| In order to guarantee NAT (translation) for a private IP address to any public IP address when using NAT 1:1, you must specify the IP address range that is used in NAT 1:1. This is configured by the ''nat_transcode_cidr'' parameter in fastdpi.conf (**restart** of the service is required to save changes), which specifies the CIDR of the public operator addresses. It is possible to specify only 2 CIDRs (in case of using more CIDRs, it is allowed to specify a wider CIDR): | |
| |
| <code bash>nat_transcode_cidr=201.201.210.0/24,201.210.210.0/29</code> | |
| The description of the parameter can be found in the [[https://wiki.vasexperts.ru/doku.php?id=en:dpi:opt_cgnat:сgnat_settings:start&do=edit#parameters_and_possible_values|table]] below.\\ | |
| The ''nat_transcode_cidr'' parameter is **only** relevant when using the new distribution method **AND** using NAT 1:1. In other cases this parameter is not taken into account and is not considered an error. | |
| |
| =====Parameters and possible values===== | |
| ^ NAT profile parameters || | |
| ^ Parameter ^ Value ^ | |
| | ''nat_ip_pool''\\ string | A range of external IP addresses in CIDR format. The pool size should **not be smaller** than [[en:dpi:opt_cgnat:faq:start#why_an_address_pool_of_at_least_2_or_4_addresses_is_recommended_to_create|the number of worker threads]]. | | |
| | ''nat_tcp_max_sessions''\\ integer | The maximum number of TCP sessions a subscriber can create.\\ Default: 2000. | | |
| | ''nat_udp_max_sessions''\\ integer | The maximum number of UDP sessions a subscriber can create.\\ Default: 2000. | | |
| | ''nat_type''\\ integer | Sets the type of profile.\\ Choices:\\ ''0'' --- CGNAT;\\ ''1'' --- NAT 1:1. | | |
| | ''nat_ports''\\ string | The range of ports used for translation on external addresses.\\ Default: 1024-65535. | | |
| ^ fastdpi.conf parameters || | |
| ^ Parameter ^ Value ^ | |
| | ''nat_max_profiles''\\ integer | Maximum number of profiles with pool parameters.\\ Default: 4.\\ Max: 65000 (if sufficient RAM is available). | | |
| | ''nat_exclude_private''\\ integer | Excludes NAT conversion if both addresses are private.\\ Choices:\\ ''0'' --- off ← (default).\\ ''1'' --- Not doing NAT for private addresses (ip_src и ip_dst --- private or in psz_prms_user_private).\\ ''2'' --- ip_src — private subject to psz_prms_user_private and AS for dst_ip = local.\\ ''4'' --- ip_src — private subject to prms_user_private and AS for dst_ip = peer. | | |
| | ''nat_private_cidr''\\ string | Specifies additional private address ranges in addition to the standard ranges((Standard ranges: 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, 192.168.0.0/16, 100.64.0.0/10)).\\ Max: 4 ranges. | | |
| | ''lifetime_flow''\\ integer | Specifies the short queue time in seconds for TCP SYN, FIN, UDP.\\ Default: 60. | | |
| | ''lifetime_flow_long''\\ integer | Specifies the long queue time in seconds for a TCP DATA established connection.\\ Default: 300. | | |
| | ''nat_transcode_cidr''\\ string\\ //Add in 12.0// | Specifies the CIDR of the operator's public addresses. \\ Only 2 CIDRs can be specified (in case of using more CIDRs, it is acceptable to specify a wider CIDR). The values are used when transcoding public -> private for NAT 1:1. Any public address can be assigned to a private address for NAT 1:1. | | |
| | ''rx_dispatcher''\\ integer \\ //Add in 12.0// | The method of hashing flow by workflow.\\ Choices:\\ ''0'' --- previous method ← (default). ''(IP_SRC+IP_DST)%N ) & IP_MASK''\\ ''1'' --- a method with uniform balancing over an arbitrary number of flows **with** NAT 1:1 support with the requirement to assign specific addresses. ''(CRC(IP_SRC)%N+CRC(IP_DST)%N)%N''\\ ''2'' --- a method with uniform balancing over an arbitrary number of flows **without** NAT 1:1 support with the requirement to assign specific addresses. | | |
